H.Asbjornsen1,2*,V.Hernandez-Santana1,2,3,M.Liebman4,J.Bayala5,J.Chen6,M.Helmers7,C.K.Ong8andL.A.Schulte1†1DepartmentofNaturalResourcesandtheEnvironment,UniversityofNewHampshire,Durham,NH03824,USA.2DepartmentofNaturalResourceEcologyandManagement,IowaStateUniversity,Ames,IA50011,USA.3IRNASCSIC,InstitutodeRecursosNaturalesyAgrobiologia,Seville41080,Spain.4DepartmentofAgronomy,IowaStateUniversity,Ames,IA50011,USA.5WorldAgroforestryCentre(ICRAF),ICRAF-WCA/SahelNode,BPE5118Bamako,Mali.6DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences,UniversityofToledo,Toledo,OH,43606-3390,USA.7DepartmentAgriculturalandBiosystemsEngineering,IowaStateUniversity,Ames,IA50011,USA.8WorldAgroforestryCentre,30677,Nairobi,Kenya.*Correspondingauthor:heidi.asbjornsen@unh.edu